History of Ujjain
The history of Ujjain dated back to the 4th century when the great Emperor Ashoka ruled over the city and it was the capital of Avanti kingdom giving it the name Avantika. It was the time when first meridian of Hindu’s geography calendar was marked as passing through Ujjain. After the fall of Mauryan ruler, the Sungas and Satavahanas ruled the city and then came the Sakas that reigned there from 2nd to 4th century CE. Later on, Chandragupta II ruled over the city during the 5th and 6th century and it became an important centre in the field of astronomy and astrology. The famous mathematician Brahmagupta born here and it was Vikramaditya who began the Hindu Vikram Samvat Era in the country.
After the Guptas, several other dynasties captivated the reign of Ujjain including the Paramara Dynasty, Chalukya Dynasty, Chandella Dynasty and the Rajputs. In the year 1235, the city was invaded by Delhi Sultan Iltutmish followed by Ala-ud-din Khilji in 1305. In the 15th century, the great king Akbar ruled the city and later on his grandson Aurangzeb took several efforts to preserve the grandeur of the ancient city of Ujjain. In the later period, the city got invaded by the Marathas and it remained as a part of the state of Gwalior before Independence. Finally in 1956, it got merged as a part of Madhya Bharat and declared as an important town of Madhya Pradesh.
